What is the meaning of style guides?

A style guide is is made as an instruction guide on how a companies logo/branding should be used and it's usually sent out to to outside agencies such as design and printers.
It usually gives specifications about pantone colours, fonts, spacing, layout and whatever they feel is important to preserving their look across all kinds of media.

They can be just several pages on a PDF or I've seen them as pretty much a book but usually a PFD these days as they can contain vector versions of the logos and stuff.

If you Google something like "Royal Mail, style guide, PDF" it should turn up an example to look at.
 
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